A Philosophical Analysis of Islamic Education: Nature, Objectives, and Principles from the Qur’an and Sunnah Perspective
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61166/lpki.v2i1.51Keywords:
Pendidikan Islam, Filsafat Pendidikan, Insan Kamil, Fitrah Manusia, Al-Qur’an dan Sunnah.Abstract
This study aims to philosophically analyze the nature, objectives, and principles of Islamic education from the perspective of the Qur’an and Sunnah. The research employs a qualitative approach using a library research method by examining various relevant primary and secondary sources. The findings reveal that Islamic education is a holistic process oriented toward developing human innate potential (fitrah) in a balanced manner, encompassing spiritual, intellectual, and moral dimensions. The primary goal of Islamic education is to form insan kamil (the perfect human), characterized by the integration of faith, knowledge, and action, as well as the ability to fulfill the roles of servant of God and vicegerent on earth. The principles of Islamic education are grounded in the Qur’an and Sunnah and are implemented through an integrated approach that includes cognitive, affective, and psychomotor domains. Furthermore, Islamic education is required to adapt to contemporary developments without losing its fundamental values. Therefore, Islamic education functions not only as a means of knowledge transfer but also as a value system that shapes the character and morality of learners comprehensively.
References
Al-Attas, Syed Muhammad Naquib. (1991). The Concept of Education in Islam: A Framework for an Islamic Philosophy of Education. Kuala Lumpur: International Institute of Islamic Thought and Civilization (ISTAC).
Al-Faruqi, I. R. (1982). Islamization of Knowledge: General Principles and Work Plan. Herndon, VA: International Institute of Islamic Thought (IIIT).
Al-Ghazali. (2004). Ihya’ Ulum al-Din (Terj.). Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiyyah.
Al-Nahlawi, Abdurrahman. (1995). Ushul al-Tarbiyah al-Islamiyyah wa Asalibuha. Beirut: Dar al-Fikr.
Arifin, M. (2014). Ilmu Pendidikan Islam: Tinjauan Teoretis dan Praktis Berdasarkan Pendekatan Interdisipliner. Jakarta: Bumi Aksara.
Azra, Azyumardi. (2012). Pendidikan Islam: Tradisi dan Modernisasi di Tengah Tantangan Milenium III. Jakarta: Kencana Prenada Media Group.
Bloom, B. S. (1956). Taxonomy of Educational Objectives: The Classification of Educational Goals. New York: Longmans, Green and Co.
Creswell, John W. (2014). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches (4th ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications.
Darmalaksana, Wahyudin. (2020). Metode Penelitian Kualitatif Studi Pustaka dan Studi Lapangan. Bandung: Pre-Print Digital Library UIN Sunan Gunung Djati.
Hidayat, Rahmat. (2016). Ilmu Pendidikan Islam: Menuntun Arah Pendidikan Islam Indonesia. Medan: LPPPI.
Ibn Miskawayh. (1968). Tahdzib al-Akhlaq wa Tathhir al-A’raq. Beirut: American University of Beirut.
Kaelan. (2005). Metode Penelitian Kualitatif Bidang Filsafat. Yogyakarta: Paradigma.
Kementerian Agama RI. (2019). Al-Qur’an dan Terjemahannya. Jakarta: Lajnah Pentashihan Mushaf Al-Qur’an.
Langgulung, Hasan. (2003). Asas-Asas Pendidikan Islam. Jakarta: Pustaka Al-Husna Baru.
Muhaimin. (2009). Rekonstruksi Pendidikan Islam: Dari Paradigma Pengembangan, Manajemen Kelembagaan, Kurikulum hingga Strategi Pembelajaran. Jakarta: Rajawali Pers.
Moleong, Lexy J. (2017). Metodologi Penelitian Kualitatif (Edisi Revisi). Bandung: PT Remaja Rosdakarya.
Nasution, Harun. (2011). Islam Rasional: Gagasan dan Pemikiran. Jakarta: Mizan.
_____________ (2011). Filsafat Pendidikan Islam. Jakarta: Bumi Aksara.
Nazir, Moh. (2014). Metode Penelitian. Bogor: Ghalia Indonesia.
Nuh, H., Habib, M. A., & Zahrani, M. (2025). Dasar-Dasar Pendidikan Islam Dalam Perspektif Al-Qur’an Dan Hadis. Journal of Sustainable Education, 2(2), 123-133.
Rahman, F. (1980). Islam and Modernity: Transformation of an Intellectual Tradition. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Rosyadi, F. I. (2021). Konsep Dasar Kurikulum Pendidikan Islam Kajian Teoritis Filosofis. Heutagogia: Journal of Islamic Education, 1(2), 1-13.
Sugiyono. (2016). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif, dan R&D. Bandung: Alfabeta.
Tafsir, Ahmad. (2010). Ilmu Pendidikan dalam Perspektif Islam. Bandung: Remaja Rosdakarya.
Tilaar, H. A. R. (2012). Perubahan Sosial dan Pendidikan: Pengantar Pedagogik Transformatif untuk Indonesia. Jakarta: Rineka Cipta.
Zed, Mestika. (2008). Metode Penelitian Kepustakaan. Jakarta: Yayasan Obor Indonesia.
